Decarbonization

Steel and cement are indispensable to modern society and the global energy transition, yet their production remains heavily dependent on fossil fuels—making them major contributors to greenhouse-gas emissions and posing a critical challenge to achieving full decarbonization by 2050.
Assistant Professor Lori Tunstall received more than $1 million from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation to explore how municipal waste can be converted into biochar to replace cement in concrete.
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine reignited global interest in nuclear power, driving up uranium demand and prices as nations prioritized energy security and low-carbon reliability amid growing supply and geopolitical challenges.
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