Water management

The startup company’s Midland Basin demonstration plant, located in the Permian Basin, takes a major step toward commercialization by proving its direct lithium extraction technology can refine battery-grade lithium carbonate from produced water under multiple 24/7 production cycles.
This paper presents an approach to the identification, selection, and implementation of initiatives for sustainable water management, withdrawal reduction, and water valorization.
Disposal wells remain the lowest-cost solution for produced water, but concerns over seismicity and long-term sustainability are accelerating interest in alternatives.

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