Flow assurance

The authors of this paper describe a project to develop a virtual sensor to monitor the cooling effect downstream of a subsea choke to avoid hydrate plugs during cold-start operations.
Subject-matter experts from industry and academia advanced distributed fiber-optic sensing technologies and their implementation in flow measurement during a special session.
This paper reports the observation of stealth asphaltenes, a potential flow-assurance issue, by means of experimental analysis.

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