The complete paper describes the suite of cloud‑based digital-twin tools developed by the operator that provides online, real-time calculation of scale risk and barrier health on a well-by-well basis. The paper presents field case studies in which the suite of tools, integrated into a dashboard, have been implemented.
Introduction
Several case histories are shared in the complete paper, highlighting the challenges of updating evolving scale risk and monitoring the health of deployed barriers, which drove the decision to create the digital tools to further optimize scale management.
Case Study 1
A mature asset with subsea wells had been operated for many years without any history of scaling. The wells were operated under pressure depletion with no water-injection support, but lift gas injection was initiated approximately 10 years ago to maintain production. When a decision was made to increase production from one of the wells by further opening the choke, the potential effect of this change on scale risk was not immediately assessed.
