Over the past several decades, the industry has dedicated considerable attention to the topic of mud displacement. For deeper wells with complex trajectories, such as highly deviated or horizontal wells, conventional 2D annular-displacement simulator models face limitations. The complete paper discusses the advancements in mud-displacement simulation that overcome the limitations of the previous-generation simulator and provide a more-realistic simulation in highly deviated and horizontal wells.
Introduction
The 2D mud-displacement simulator is now a standard in the industry. Nonetheless, because of the growing complexity of well geometries, some of its limitations have become apparent.
First, the simulation work flow considers fluid displacement in the annulus only and neglects what happens as fluids travel down the pipe.
