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Radioactive elements occur naturally at low levels in oil and gas basins. As oil and gas is extracted, these elements can accumulate in infrastructure. Now, scientists in Australia are investigating the toxicity of different radiation doses to marine organisms.

The volume reduction of naturally occurring radioactive material waste with indirectly heated vacuum distillation has been overlooked in research as a viable treatment option. This paper describes several key assessment factors that will allow a more detailed understanding of the benefits of that option.

Oil and gas wells produce nearly a trillion gallons of toxic waste a year. An investigation shows how it could be making workers sick and contaminating communities across America.