Flow assurance
This paper describes a case history in the UAE in which the cleanout of scale contaminated with naturally occurring radioactive material was conducted successfully.
In the wake of the falling number of exploratory wells in the country, Brazil-owned Petrobras addressed audience concerns as well as outlined new avenues for production at the Offshore Technology Conference.
The authors of this paper describe a project to develop a virtual sensor to monitor the cooling effect downstream of a subsea choke to avoid hydrate plugs during cold-start operations.
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One of the more challenging flow assurance problems in deepwater subsea gas pipelines and equipment is the formation of natural gas hydrates. Gas hydrates form under conditions of low temperatures and high pressures, such as those found in deep water. -
Systematic experimental and modeling approaches to designing a safe operating strategy for a 5-km deepwater-subsea-flowline case study are presented to address unplanned shutdown and restart events for waxy-crude production.
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