This paper describes interpretation results of a 4D seismic-monitoring program in a challenging Middle East carbonate reservoir. The program consists of a 4D pilot [oceanbottom cable (OBC)] over a giant field divided into two phases. The authors discuss the difficulties faced by both phases of the pilot, and prove that a reliable 4D signal can be extracted over a Middle East carbonate reservoir.
Introduction
The time-lapse, or 4D, seismic method consists of repeating seismic survey acquisitions over the production time of a field. Newer vintages are compared with previous ones, and the signal differences are interpreted to characterize effects of the production spatially.
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