Mature fields

The $48.5-billion investment aims to keep the 30-year-old project in western Kazakhstan flowing for years to come.
This paper provides insights into the technical and economic viability of repurposing oil and gas wells for geothermal energy production for direct heating.
This paper discusses and evaluates retrofitting abandoned petroleum wells for geothermal applications as a commonly proposed solution to meet the challenge of the capital expenditure required for drilling and completion.

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